OffGridSkills

Battery & Runtime Calculator

Find out how long a battery bank will run a given load — or how much battery you need to run your gear for a set number of hours.

A · How long will my battery last?

Runtime estimate

B · How much battery do I need?

Battery required

Ah

Skilled Deep-cycle batteries only — never use car/starting batteries for storage.

How this calculator works

A battery's nameplate capacity is not what you can actually use. Three things reduce it:

  1. Depth of discharge (DoD): draining a lead-acid bank below ~50% shortens its life dramatically; LiFePO₄ can safely use ~85% (often 90–100% in some designs).
  2. Inverter & wiring losses: converting DC to AC loses roughly 10% — we assume 90% efficiency (0.9).
  3. Peukert effect & temperature: lead-acid delivers less capacity at high discharge rates and in cold weather; lithium is far less affected.

The formulas are:

  • Usable energy: Ah × volts × DoD × 0.9 → watt-hours (Wh).
  • Runtime: usable Wh ÷ load (W) → hours.
  • Required capacity: load (W) × hours ÷ (volts × DoD × 0.9) → Ah.

Caveats

  • Motor loads (fridges, pumps) draw a 3–5× surge on start-up — allow headroom.
  • Real-world runtime is usually shorter than the math suggests; treat results as a planning estimate.
  • Lead-acid needs regular full recharges; chronic under-charging is the #1 cause of early failure.

Further reading